Some experts pointed out that at present, China does not have enough professional O&M ships and experienced O&M personnel to meet the demand of a large number of wind farms entering the O&M period at the same time. In the short term, the market may be in short supply, which will increase the cost of operation and maintenance, and even aggravate the risk that more wind turbines have to operate with diseases. Since last year, China's offshore wind power industry has developed vigorously. According to the data released by the National Energy Administration, by the end of 2020, the cumulative installed capacity of China's offshore wind power was about 9 million kilowatts, and the new installed capacity reached 3.06 million kilowatts last year, with a growth rate of 50%. Behind the rapid expansion of installed capacity, the demand for operation and maintenance is also growing rapidly. Many insiders told reporters that compared with onshore wind power, the difficulty coefficient and cost investment of offshore wind power operation and maintenance are relatively high and lack of relevant experience. The field of offshore wind power operation and maintenance faces major new challenges.
The blue ocean of offshore wind power operation and maintenance market has been affected by the gradual decline of state subsidies. In the past two years, China's offshore wind farms have set off an unprecedented wave of "rush to install". This year, under the requirements of carbon peak and carbon neutral vision, the offshore wind power industry has ushered in an unprecedented high temperature. As an important part of the industrial chain, wind power operation and maintenance is favored by the market. It is estimated that the CAGR of the global wind power operation and maintenance market will reach 10% from 2020 to 2025. Due to the high cost of offshore wind turbine operation and maintenance, it is estimated that the global offshore wind turbine operation and maintenance market will exceed 10 billion yuan by 2024. Among them, China's offshore wind power operation and maintenance market is particularly worth looking forward to.
Yang Shimeng, a senior consultant of wood Mackenzie, a market research institution, told reporters that by the end of 2020, China's offshore wind power grid connection capacity has reached about 7.5 GW; Then it will grow at an average rate of 6 gigawatts per year. By 2030, the total grid-connected capacity is expected to reach about 70 GW, ten times the existing grid-connected capacity; In addition, the coastal waters have been fully developed, and new projects will continue to develop into the deep sea and ocean. "In this context, the capacity of the local operation and maintenance market will lag behind the growth of offshore wind power installation in the short term. However, the huge market prospect will attract a large amount of investment into the operation and maintenance market, and promote the emergence of professional operation and maintenance service industry.
Wen Shusen, deputy general manager of the offshore operation and maintenance center of Chongqing Haizhuang Wind Power Engineering Co., Ltd., said in an interview with reporters that the offshore weather changes rapidly and the natural conditions are complex, so the difficulty of offshore wind power operation and maintenance cannot be ignored. "The operation and maintenance conditions of offshore wind power in different sea areas in China are different. In Jiangsu and other coastal provinces, the annual operation and maintenance days can reach about 250 days, while in Fujian and other provinces, due to the relatively high offshore wind speed, the operation and maintenance time of offshore wind power during the window period is relatively short. According to natural conditions such as weather and waves, the operation and maintenance can be carried out during the maintenance of offshore wind turbines or ship transportation There may be some security risks in.
In addition, due to the relatively "young" offshore wind power industry in China, the experience of operation and maintenance of offshore wind power in the whole life cycle is particularly insufficient, which also brings some challenges to the field of operation and maintenance of offshore wind power. In other countries, China's offshore wind power starts late. So far, the longest commercial operation time of offshore wind turbines in China is only 5-7 years. At present, the industry has no experience of full-life cycle operation, which needs a long time to accumulate. “
When the reporter interviewed, the service life of the fan is usually more than 5 years. From the current operation of China's offshore wind farms, the main engine manufacturers are still providing corresponding operation and maintenance services. Industry analysts believe that by 2022-2023, the first batch of offshore wind farms will usher in the tenth quality assurance period in China, which will bring new demand in the field of offshore wind power operation and maintenance. The experience of foreign countries is worth learning from. In particular, it is worth noting that the "relatively lagging development of operation and maintenance" will bring many risks to the rapidly expanding offshore wind power industry.
Yang Shimeng said: "At present, China does not have enough professional O&M ships and experienced O&M personnel to meet the demand of a large number of wind farms entering the O&M period at the same time. In the short term, the market may be in short supply, which will increase the operation and maintenance costs and high maintenance costs, and even increase the risk that more wind turbines must operate with diseases. "In the perspective of carbon neutrality, the wind power industry will continue to maintain a high development rate in the future. However, we also need to be soberly aware that the hasty installation of onshore and offshore wind power generation in 2020 and 2021 will lead to the mass production of various new models. The sudden expansion of production capacity will cause some major and minor problems in the next 3-5 years, which requires us to take technical transformation or other measures in the operation and maintenance stage. He tried to use different To solve this problem. "Xu Peng, Deputy Secretary-General of Jiangsu Renewable Energy Industry Association and Director of the Wind Power Special Committee, said.
The reporter learned that in recent years, Jinfeng Technology, Shanghai Electric, Visual Energy and other complete machine enterprises have increased their investment in the offshore wind power service market, and some enterprises have also launched long-term customized unit operation and maintenance services. However, many respondents believed that in order to meet the operation and maintenance needs of China's offshore wind power, the cooperation between developers, machine manufacturers and third-party operation and maintenance service agencies was crucial. Yang Shimeng said: "During the warranty period, the operation and maintenance of the wind turbine generator unit is the responsibility of the complete machine supplier. After the warranty period, most owners tend to operate and maintain independently, that is, bear most of the operation and maintenance risks. However, at present, domestic owners and the complete machine supplier rs lack sufficient cooperation and technical exchange during the warranty period. In Europe and other countries, owners who choose to operate and maintain independently usually operate and maintain jointly with the complete machine supplier Mode, train the personnel of its own operation and maintenance team to ensure the smooth handover after the warranty period. After the end of the warranty period, if the owner requires, the complete machine manufacturer will also provide technical support through the contract. The model is worthy of reference for domestic wind farms.
